Discover Fort Barraux a journey through history

Fort Barraux, located in the commune of Barraux in Isère, at the foot of the Chartreuse Massif, remains one of the oldest bastioned forts in the Alps, preserved in its original state.
Fort Barraux, formerly known as Fort Saint-Barthélemy, reveals an impressive heritage dating back to the 16th century. This fortress, created by Duke Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy, has witnessed many historic events and undergone major changes over the centuries.

Origins and inaugural challenges

As early as 1597, the Duke of Savoy’s decision to build the fort provoked challenges, particularly from the Protestant Lesdiguières. The strategic choice of location, the construction entrusted to engineer Ercole Negro, and the materials taken from the Servette forest define the first pages of this story.

Architectural developments over time

Vauban's intervention and strategic modifications

In 1692, the arrival of Vauban marked a crucial phase. Criticizing the previous work, he made significant changes to reinforce the fort’s defenses. Deepened ditches, modified bastions and structural improvements contributed to its renovation.

The drawbridge at Fort Barraux an evolving strategic passage

At the heart of Fort Barraux’s history, the drawbridge is a major strategic element. Initially situated in the Savoy half-moon, its location changed in the 17th century to conceal access from the Savoyard enemy. Designed by Vauban, the entrance passageway features an imposing first gate, a dissuasive portcullis and a three-bay corridor. The project for the entrance building, initiated after Vauban’s visit in 1692, gradually took shape, adding elements over the years, including the organ pavilion in 1711. The Pont-Levis, a testament to ingenious military architecture, embodies the fort’s strategic evolution over the centuries.

The 18th and 19th centuries: a period of renewal

In the early 18th century, the entrance building and arsenal were completed. The construction of the barracks and chapel marks a period of renewal. The 1870s marked a new era, with the construction of forts around Grenoble to counter Italy’s attitude after the defeat of 1870.

A fort serving the nation

During the First and Second World Wars, Fort Barraux was used as a prison. In 1947, it was converted into an ammunition depot, reinforcing its role in the service of the nation.

In 1988, Fort Barraux was decommissioned and purchased by the commune of Barraux. In 1990, it was awarded Monument Historique status, opening its doors to visitors wishing to delve into the history of this fortress. Tours, available from May to September, offer an immersive and educational experience for all history buffs. To arrange your visit, send an email to: contact@fort-barraux.fr.